Many experts are sure that the sooner you start working with your child to develop certain skills, the sooner he will receive abilities and skills that are important for a full life. On this principle, numerous systems of early education and development of children are built. We offer a brief description of the most popular methods for today, so that you can navigate and choose the one that will help to maximize the makings of your child.
It is difficult to classify early development systems because of their universality, but psychologists conditionally divide them into physical and general developing ones.
Early physical development techniques
From the first minutes to one year of age, the child lives a whole era. He learns to raise his head, sit, take the first independent steps, pronounce the first words. That is why at this stage the most important thing for kids is physical education.
We read on the topic:
- What a child can and should be able to do in the first year of his life – https://kid.htgetrid.com/en/razvitie-rebenka-do-goda/rebenok-v-vozraste-1-god-chto-umeet-kroha.html
- Development of a child from birth to one year - https://kid.htgetrid.com/en/razvitie-rebenka-do-goda/razvitie-rebenka-do-goda-po-mesyatsam.html
Nikitins technique
Spouses Nikitina in Soviet times showed how to help him become an independent person from the moment of birth. As soon as the baby has learned to crawl, its research activity cannot be limited by anything and nobody. For example, the authors strongly advise to abandon all kinds of strollers and playpens, considering them a kind of children's prison. Of course, before this you need to prepare an apartment, making it as safe as possible for the baby.
The main goal is not to interfere with children's development, but to help him; not to force a child, but to create the necessary conditions for self-improvement. This task is performed using three basic principles:
- freedom and independence of the child (lack of special training, a combination of sports with other types of work);
- sports environment (shells, simulators) in the apartment and light clothing that does not hamper the movement of the baby;
- the indifference of adults to the successes and failures of children.
Watch the video Irreversible Extinction of Opportunities for Effective Child Development (NUVERS Nikitins)
Developmental dynamic gymnastics
The methodology of L. Kitaev and M. Trunov satisfies the motor needs of a child up to a year, and also develops it congenital reflexes. Dynamic gymnastics is based on ancient Russian traditions, when babies were taken by the armpits and slightly thrown.Older children, grabbing their arms and legs, rotated around themselves, forming something like a carousel. In such simple games, adults gave kids the opportunity to move when they did not yet have the necessary skills for this. After the baby learn to walk, these exercises are no longer providing a stimulating effect. All acquired skills must be transferred to sports games, exercises and exercises at sports centers.
READ DETAILS:Dynamic gymnastics: benefits and harms for a newborn
Dynamic gymnastics for babies (3 months), where to start?
Dynamic gymnastics for babies: basic exercises that will help your child grow healthy!
These dynamic gymnastics exercises are suitable for both boys and girls. Watch the video and you will find out where to start!
Baby swimming
According to this technique, it’s not just important bathe newbornsbut also swim with them. Although the movement of a small child in water is very limited, swimming strengthens his muscles, and teaches him to navigate in space. Therefore, a young swimmer begins to get up and walk before other children. First, the exercises are carried out in the bath, and then in the pool. If you are afraid to harm your baby, find an instructor who will help you avoid serious mistakes while swimming.
General Early Development Systems
The methods covering the development of children's ability to self-education, the formation of writing skills, reading, improving mental processes include the systems of Maria Montessori, Glenn Doman, Nikolai Zaitsev and some others.
Pedagogy Montessori
The basis of Maria Montessori's teaching methodology is for the child to develop independently. In kindergartens working on this pedagogical system, children are surrounded by various objects that help them to experiment independently and freely know the world around them. Carers are wise helpers who do not limit but guide children. The same applies to adults, who should show the child an example to which he will imitate, and guide his abilities in the right direction, providing appropriate toys. Here is the detailed Montessori technique.
Waldorf pedagogy
The Waldorf development system is based on completely different principles. Education is divided into three stages, taking into account the age of the children. A child under seven years of age receives new knowledge and skills through imitation, from seven to 14 years old feelings and emotions are connected. And only from the age of 14 children “turn on” logic. This technique does not accept early intellectual learning in any form. So, only from the 3rd grade children are taught to read, and before school, children play only with toys made from natural materials. By the way, adults should completely erase TV, computer and video games from the life of a child.
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Glenn Doman's Technique
Glen Doman argued that development is effective only in the period of brain growth - that is, up to seven years. The main task of adults is to preserve and increase the huge potential of a newborn child. The early education program consists of four main areas: physical development, the ability to count, the ability to read, and encyclopedic knowledge.
So, the account for the kids looks like a game with cards that depict large red dots. And out loud is called the number of points, not the number. Doman believed that children can easily memorize and systematize bare facts. Parents are invited to make a set of cards with images of great people, plants or animals. The kid should not only remember the name of the image, but also tell about it.
Read in detail about the technique of Glen Doman
Technique Cecile Lupan
The author of the methodology took the Doman system as a basis, reworking and simplifying it. So, Cecile Lupan recommends talking with the baby from the very first minutes of life, even if he does not understand the words. But the baby gets used to his native speech, and previously meaningless sounds are filled with concrete meaning. When the children start talking, you need to teach them how to read. Each familiar word must be written in large letters on cards and place them near the objects that they indicate. For example, a “chair” is near a chair, and a “sofa” is next to a sofa. The author also recommends creating home-made books about his child, in which, in addition to fairy tales, there will be photographs of him.
Cubes of Zaitsev
Nikolai Zaitsev developed a set of manuals for teaching children to read, math, writing and English for home and kindergarten education. This technique is insanely popular, as both parents and kids like it. All that is required of them is to play very colorful, unusually sounding, interesting cubes and sing songs. Learning and memorization takes place in a fun way, without much effort and energy. So, first, adults need to purchase (or make) the necessary material for exercises: tables, cubes and audio recordings. Then, it is fun and easy to play with the baby: sing, fold cubes, write words in cubes and on tablets. As experienced mothers say, reading will come by itself.
Surely, having familiarized yourself with the methods of early development, you will find that many of the principles underlying them are applied in the upbringing of your own babies. And yet - no pedagogical system is ideal, so the best option for thinking parents who want to raise a smart and happy child is to combine several methods, of course, taking into account their strengths and weaknesses.
It seems to me that it is very important to fully understand the essence of the methods of early development, otherwise some parents take from each method only what they like. After reading the Nikitins methodology, parents believe that it is not worthwhile to forbid a child, and therefore they allow everything, and it does not matter that the child does not know the word “can’t”, “dangerous”, sorry, and as a result, does not respect other people. And so I am of course “for” early development, only you need to be responsive to this and not stop halfway
I did not think about development from conception, accidentally learned about the method of Tyulenev, when my daughter was a little over a year old. Began to engage in 1.5 years. Now she is 3.5 and I see a result that pleases me. My daughter reads syllables well, prints letters on her computer to her father and postcards to her relatives. Knows many paintings and artists, poems by Pushkin, Lermontov, Yesenin, Fet, Pleshcheyev by heart. He understands everyday English, speaks a little of it.He likes to sing and dance. He knows the count to one hundred, learns to add and subtract. And much more ... And this is not training at all - it’s more a game, without pressure on the child. It is especially pleasant that she asks to read, print, etc. I do not regret that we are doing according to the Tyulenev method, I regret that I did not know about it before and that so far there is little information about it, but there are a lot of negative reviews unfortunately, apparently someone is jealous, always blacken simpler and easier than creating something ourselves))) We also play Nikitin’s toys (the greatest inventions!) which very well develop logic, thinking, spatial perception. Every day we celebrate the calendar, we understand the time, we are engaged in Nikitin’s hours. In general, Nikitin’s technique is amazing, only the hardening system and physical. development worth it! But as he himself admitted that he brought up techies more. In the methodology, Tyulenev’s comprehensive development, which deceived me very much ... and really, I don’t want to stop there, but the child doesn’t give))