Children have tremendous intellectual and emotional potential. Many psychologists believe that if you deliberately engage with a child, he will better absorb information in kindergarten and school. For this purpose, well-known educators have developed effective educational methods that are successfully applied around the world. Which one to choose? Read our article and make a choice.
Glen Doman - bring up from the cradle
The American pediatrician has created a unique technique for the formation of mental abilities in young children. He believed that the most grateful time for learning is up to seven years, while the active development of the brain takes place. The basis of the method is confidence in the truly unlimited possibilities of the child to absorb information obtained from pictures with words and images. Doman also attached great importance to the physical development of infants, linking it with intelligence. The author was extremely negative about swaddling and everything that fetters movement and interferes with motor activity of babies. Systematic exercises on the Doman system stimulate early speech development, speed reading and children's curiosity, expand vocabulary. (Details on the technique of Glen Doman)
Waldorf School - Imitate an Adult
The main thing in this method is not strict cramming and coercion, but imitation of adults through role-playing games. Waldorf educators are extremely negative about early intellectual development. For example, reading and writing instruction begins at only 12 years old. Great attention is paid to the disclosure of the individuality of children through folk culture and creative activity. The child is introduced into the magical world of fairy tales (the effect of fairy tales on child development), music, dance and myths. The main occupations are singing, theatrical performances, drawing, working with natural materials. But the attitude to the achievements of civilization - television and computer - ambiguous. They are considered sources of information unnecessary for kids.
Maria Montessori - Comprehensive Education
One of the most common methods that parents have successfully used for several decades. The main idea of the Montessori school is that children need to be taught writing earlier than other skills: counting, reading. Central to this teaching concept is His Majesty the child.In a specially organized environment, consisting of several zones (mathematical, sensory, creative, speech, etc.), children improve skills that are appropriate for their age, acquire knowledge from their own experience. An adult observes the gameplay, offers children the necessary materials and toys (but does not impose), thanks to which they can comprehensively develop. By the way, this technique is aimed not only at cognitive development, but also at the formation of labor skills and respectful attitude to other people. In detail Methodology of Maria Montessori: advantages and disadvantages
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Leonid Bereslavsky - educate every minute
Doctor of Philosophy, inventor Leonid Bereslavsky believes that children need to develop every minute, and adults are obliged to provide them with such an opportunity. The author recommends studying with a child according to his methodology from a year and a half, so as not to miss any important sensitive period designed to master a certain skill. So, in a year and a half, priority is given to the development of fine motor skills, attention, and the study of animal species. From the age of three, tasks on logic, geometric shapes and spatial representations are added. And by the time you enter school, you need to train your memory and logical thinking, gradually streamlining previously acquired knowledge. Another highlight is early chess teaching, acquaintance with which begins at the age of 3.5.
Cecile Lupan - Learning to understand the baby
The author of the methodology is not a scientist or even a teacher, but, first of all, a loving mother of two daughters, who wanted to give them the necessary skills for understanding the world. Having tested the Glenn Doman system on her little ones, Cecile decided to rework it, rightly believing that it was necessary to take into account the interests of the baby and conduct developmental exercises on topics that concern him. If the baby rattles pans, give him the opportunity to play the drums. If the baby is reaching for a knitted scarf, give him tissue samples for tactile experiments. This program has a large number of games to improve perception, as well as many sections devoted to music, history, geography, a foreign language, reading, etc. There are even special swimming exercises (the benefits of swimming from birth) and riding!
Jean Ledloff - Natural Education
The psychotherapist Jean Ledloff spent several years with the Ecuana Indians and was imbued with their educational traditions. These people were truly happy, did not experience negative emotions, and their children cried very rarely. Returning to her homeland, Jean rejected Western ideas about education and wrote an unusual and controversial book on natural development, "How to Raise a Child Happy." The meaning of this method is to be with the baby constantly in the first months, and in the future not to interfere with the formation of an independent personality: not to control, not to fall to his level, but to be a model of behavior for him.
Nikolay Zaitsev - to read before talking
The famous teacher, the author of many scientific developments, created his own popular method of teaching reading, used from an early age. Children sing, have fun, learn to build words-towers and trains. Judging by the reviews of parents using this technique, 4-year-old kids begin to read after a few lessons. The methodology is based on special cubes on which syllables are drawn, not letters. Of these, children add up words. Cubes differ from each other in size, color, weight and sound (the filler makes loud or muffled sounds). Playing with such blocks, the child will master speech skills, get an initial understanding of the Russian language and will significantly outperform peers in development.
Nikitins - healthy and smart kids
The method of the classics of Russian pedagogy Boris and Elena Nikitin is based on their observation of their own children.In order to arouse a craving for knowledge in a kid, it is necessary to prepare a developing environment - to hang up various tables, letters, and geographical maps. For physical education, simulators, sports equipment and health-improving exercises are needed (up to swimming in ice water and rubbing with snow). Teachers have developed interesting developmental aids - cubes, puzzles, the main feature of which is multifunctionality and the ability to achieve goals in various ways. This educational system, developed several decades ago, is still relevant, despite conflicting responses and mixed opinions.
Shalva Amonashvili - humane pedagogy
Doctor of Psychology, Professor Amonashvili developed his own pedagogical concept based on a humane approach to preschoolers and schoolchildren. The main principle of the method is that an adult should cooperate with the child on equal terms, to see the personality in him. This technique is finding more and more supporters, as it is truly special. The author offers not a ready-made list of exercises for the formation of a separate ability or skill, but a list of rules that teachers and parents need to follow. According to the famous psychologist, the child will achieve better results if not forced and controlled. There are no bad children, there are adults who do not know how to communicate with them.
Dr. Suzuki - Music Education
Shinichi Suzuki believed that all children are talented and intelligent by nature, which means that every child from an early age can be taught to freely use musical instruments. If you surround your baby with beautiful classical music from childhood, he will learn to love art and receive a comprehensive and complete education. However, the purpose of this technique is not to educate a great violinist or pianist, but to raise a good, open person. (We read: the influence of music on children's development)
Each baby is individual, so it is so difficult to remain within the framework of any one developing technique. The best way out is to take from them what seems important in the development of their children. In this case, you become an innovative teacher who has his own effective methodology for raising his child.
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Irina Sinitsyna, psychologist, speech therapist, author of her own methods of raising children:
Most methods require constant interaction with the child, most of the day. It turns out that one of the parents or even both parents should allocate a lot of time for this (the exception is the technique of Jean Ledloff). In this case, the career and upbringing of the children is hardly compatible. Or it should be passed on to the shoulders of professionals.As in the utopian science fiction novels of Soviet writers, where children from early childhood are brought up in boarding schools.
Methods of development and parenting always have little from the personality of the person who created them. Therefore, she never tried to adhere to any specific methodology, but tried to take from each the best and most universal, suitable for absolutely every child. So, as an example, I teach my children explaining and commenting on my actions, whether cooking food or cleaning the house, we also learned to read cubes and develop Montesori motility, and role-playing games are always a priority for us!
I also think that the child needs to be developed the sooner the better. I have not swaddled my own, books and letters, numbers with us from 6 months. Now child 1.8 loves books, recognizes letters and numbers, loves to write, name letters. I see his interest in learning, he absorbs everything like a sponge at this age.